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Chronic Renal (Kidney) Failure & Your Kidneys

As a result of slow or chronic involvement of both the kidneys, the size of the kidneys reduces, i.e. they become small in size. As the disease progresses, they become more and more small. An ultrasonographic examination of the kidneys can give a fair idea of the progress of the disease, by measuring the size of the kidneys.
Krishan Bakhru
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How Kidneys are Damaged and Cause 'Hidden' Kidney Failure

Kidneys are one of the most vital organs of the body, and damage to them must be prevented by all means. Survival is threatened when kidneys are badly damaged in a disease, and their function impaired severely. Hence, the infection must be controlled/ eradicated immediately with proper antibiotics,otherwise the kidneys will be damaged as a result of a long-standing/ recurrent infection, called chronic pyelonephritis.
Krishan Bakhru
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Things to Know About Urinary Stones

The usual stones in the urinary tract consist of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate (or combined with ammonio-magnesium phosphate), or uric acid, etc. However, the stones may occur as a combination of these constituents, called 'mixed stones'.
Krishan Bakhru
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Things to Know About Acute Renal (kidney) Failure - ARF

ARF is a condition when both kidneys almost suddenly fail to perform their functions. The failure occurs within a few hours/ days. This may result from an acute disease of the kidneys, as a result of allergic manifestation operating gravely on the kidneys, i.e. acute GN, described earlier.
Krishan Bakhru
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How Do Tubercle Bacilli Invade the Body?

When a person suffering from tuberculosis, coughs, sneezes, talks, especially loudly, laughs, spits sputum, etc., he throws out in the air tiny droplets of sputum laden with tubercle bacilli, when the patient has not covered his face with a piece of cloth or handkerchief. In this way, the air around the patient gets infected with enormous tubercle bacilli, grouped together in various tiny droplets of sputum. Any person, in close proximity of the patient is likely to inhale these tiny...
Krishan Bakhru
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Signs, Symptoms and Treatment of Poliomyelitis (Polio)

In most cases, the patient may remain without any symptom. In others, the disease may pass off in about 3-4 days after a little fever, or upper respiratory tract infection, or a slight disturbance of the gastrointestinal tract.
Krishan Bakhru
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Things to Know About Benign Enlargement of the Prostate (BEP) - Part 2

If the disease is neglected, there will be a marked retention of urine, and the back pressure of the urine increases more and more, resulting in dilation of the ureters (called hydroureters), as well as of the kidneys (called hydronephrosis). An enormous growth of bacteria will occur in the entire urinary tract, leading to pus formation, and the kidneys will be grossly infected.
Krishan Bakhru
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Guidelines for the Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection - UTI

From the foregoing information on UTI, one should realize that the best course is to follow, strictly, the preventive measures, which are very simple, mostly relating to routine hygiene, rather than being on long-term prophylactic antibiotks; or, in neglected cases, developing terminal kidney disease, i.e. kidney failure, which may, require repeated dialysis, or even kidney transplant, depending on the case.
Krishan Bakhru
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Prevention of Congenital Heart Disease (CHD)

It is indeed difficult to deal with this topic. Not much is known about the various causes, for operating on a pregnant woman, in the first three months of pregnancy, during which period, development of the heart in the foetus is expected to be complete.
Krishan Bakhru
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How the Urinary Tract Gets Infected?

The urinary tract (which consists of the kidneys, the ureters, the urinary bladder and the urethra) is free from any infection/ organism/bacteria. On the other hand, the intestinal canal usually contains organisms, like Escherichia coli (E. coli), which passes out in large numbers in the faeces.
Krishan Bakhru
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