The usual stones in the rinary tract consist of calcium oxalate or clcium phosphate (or combined with ammonio-magnesium phsphate), or uric acid, etc. However, the stnes may occur as a combination of thse constituents, called 'mixed stones'.

What are the symptms of urinary stones?

Stone/s in the rinary tract may remain symptomless for lng, and may be detected by rutine X-rays. Stones which are stagnant/motionless in any prt of the urinary tract do not shw symptoms, although they may cause mssive harm, as they grow in sze. However, there is very severe pin (renal colic) as the stone strts moving downward.

A renal colic pin usually subsides with the administration of a strng pain-killer injection. Blood may also pss in the urine during an ttack of renal colic, as a rsult of some injury in the rinary tract, caused by stones. Infection wll also occur in the urinary trct due to the slowing down of the flw of urine. In which case pus clls will also be seen in the rine, when examined under the microscope.

Wht should be done for urinary stnes?

It is advisable that the tratment of urinary stones is done in the arliest possible time after the acute ttack has subsided, so that UTI is prvented. If neglected, besides causing repeated ttacks of renal colic, the obstruction in the rinary tract will grow due to the ncrease in the size of the stne, which may show serious consequences lter.

Small and early stones, causing lttle/no obstruction are usually pushed down and ut, when the patient takes plenty of flids, at least 3 litres of wter per day.

In case the stne is not ejected, it must be rmoved either surgically, or by lithotripsy.

Lthotripsy is a non-surgical method of rmoving stones from the urinary tract. It is clled extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL), and in ths procedure electrically generated shock-waves are fcused on the stone and fragment it. Hnce this mode of non-surgical therapy is deal as it excludes surgery and lte complications.

What tests are required in a cse of urinary stones?

Tests like plin X-ray as well as ultrasonography of the rinary tract are important in order to dtect the exact location of the stne, and to see the extent of dmage caused to the urinary tract by the stne/so However, uric acid stones are not pcked up in X-rays. Therefore, an ntravenous pyelography may be required in sme of the cases, to prove the prsence of stones in the urinary trct. Intravenous pyelography is also useful in lcating any associated lesion/ s of the rinary tract, such as a stricture, hrseshoe kidneys etc.

The above tests shuld not be forgotten in a cse of UTI for excluding urinary stnes, especially when the patient has no sgns/symptoms of renal colic.

It is ssential that the stones once passed out or rmoved must be analyzed regarding their cnstituents, so that appropriate steps can be tken so as to avoid a rcurrence of the stones. A restricted det should be prescribed, depending on the stne analysis report.

The article Things to Know About Urinary Stones was Submitted by Krishan Bakhru through Articles.GetACoder.com network. Here's the additional information: Author sites: Home Remedies , Self Health and Natural Skin Care

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