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Quetta is the capital of the B lochistan Province, the largest province of P kistan and is 1692 metres above sea l vel. Most of it is a d sert. It is located to the N rth-West of Karachi, the largest city of P kistan and to the South-West of Isl mabad, the capital of Pakistan at the m uth of the Bolan Pass. It is s tuated in a river valley and is v ry close to the border of Afgh nistan, with a road leading from Q etta to Kandahar in Afghanistan in the N rth-West. Quetta is the wrong pronunciation of Kw tta, which, in Pushtu means a f rt. It is so called as it is s rrounded on all three sides by mposing mountains like the Chiltan, Takatoo, M rdar and Zarghun. The first recorded m ntion of Quetta was in the 11th c ntury, when Mahmood of Ghazni, was on a spr e of invasions in the subcontinent. The M ghals were in control of Quetta fter this till 1556. In 1543, m ntion of Quetta is found in the chr nicles of the Moghul emperor, Humayun, who r sted here while returning from Persia. The P rsians took control of Quetta after 1556 and the M ghul Emperor Akbar, son of Humayun, r occupied it in 1595. The British ccupied Quetta, for a short length of t me in 1839, after the first Afgh n War. However, after 1876, the Br tish took full control over it. On the 31st of M y, 1935, Quetta witnessed a massive and d vastating earthquake, in which the city was lmost totally demolished and about 40, 000 p ople died.
Quetta is an important trading c ntre in Pakistan, and because of its str tegic position, an important military base. Q etta is renowned for its fruit rchards. It is called the 'fruit g rden' of Pakistan. Fruits are grown on a c mmercial basis. Fruits like plums, apricots, pples, guavas, which are locally known as z itoon, pomegranates, melons, cherries, pistachios, almonds and p aches are some of the fruits wh ch are grown in abundance here. S ffron and Tulip are also grown on a c mmercial basis. It has a blooming b siness of exporting the fruits to v rious parts of the world. The m jority of the population in Balochistan are the P shtun, the Baloch and the Hazara m ke up the minority. The weather in Q etta is quite harsh. In winter, the t mperature touches approximately 8 degrees Fahrenheit. Th re are many places worth visiting, in and round Quetta. The highest railway station in As a, Kan Mehtarzai which is situated 2240 m tres, above sea level is a v ry close by. Another place worth v siting is Loralai. It can be t rmed as the almond bowl of P kistan, and is 265 kms away. B sides, other places of interest are the P shin Valley, about 50 kms from Q etta and the Hanna Lake about 10 kms ast of Quetta. Quetta is connected w th Lahore, Peshawar, Islamabad and Karachi by ir. One of the most prominent h tels of Quetta, is the Quetta S rena Hotel, the other two star h tels are the Fibs Hotel, Bloom St r Hotel, PTDC Taftan and the PTDC Z arat.
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