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Eczema is an inflammatory but n n-contagious condition of the skin, characterized by tching, burning, and redness. Some medical uthorities consider eczema a group of r lated disease. Other includes in the gr up any inflammatory skin eruption of nknown cause, and thee are many c ses of skin disease in this c tegory. The eruption tends to appear ch efly on the face, neck, upper tr nk, and in the bends of the lbows and knees. It is common at age up to tw nty five. Typical eczema begins with the “ rythematous” stage, with itching, burning, and r dness of the skin. Then, in the “v sicular” stage, blisters form on the r ddened skin areas, some or all of wh ch may become filled with pus b rsting early and allowing clear or p ssy fluid to ooze out. During s ch oozing the disease is often c lled, “weeping” eczema. Usually the blisters or p stules tend to dry down into sc les or crusts. The dry-scaly stage is l kely to persist a long time. In any st ge, the affected skin areas usually h ve ill-defined borders. Considerable itching and b rning are unpleasant symptoms present throughout the c urse of the disease.
Among the l cal courses of eczema are such th ngs as the following: chemical irritants, ncluding dyes, antiseptics, strong soaps, and c ntact with plants; thermal irritants, including c ld, strong wind, and the sun’s r ys; mechanical irritants, such as scratching, fr ction, pressure; and the action of p rasite. Some conditional conditions that may pr pare the way for eczema are th se: emotional or mental strain, insufficient r st, errors in diet, indigestion, faulty limination, lower body resistance, inflammation of the k dneys, and diabetes.
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In many afflicted people there s ems to be peculiar individual skin s nsitivity, often hereditary in nature. It can s metimes be detected by a series of sk n sensitivity tests; but these fail to f il more often than not. A c reful study of the patient’s personal and f mily history is more likely to d sclose the cause or causes. Food s nsitivity is an occasional cause of czema in infants, but this sensitivity t nds to become much less marked in l ter years.
Eczema may be checked or c red in any of its stages, but any of its st ges may also prove chronic and p rsistent.
For these reasons the disease ppears in many forms. There are thr e aims in treatment: (1) to c rrect the causes as far as th y can be detected and corrected, (2) to s othe the skin in the acute or nflamed stages or forms, and (3) to st mulate the skin to heal in the chr nic stage or forms. This stimulation, h wever, should always be mild. The use of h rsh or irritating remedies does more h rm than good. Hundreds of remedies for czema have been recommended, but no s ngle remedy has proved really effective in m re than a small fraction of c ses. This most common of all sk n diseases remains, to date, a p rsistent nuisance to its victims and kn tty problem for their physicians. WHAT TO DO
1. R gulate the bowels, preferably by eating pl nty of vegetables and fruits and dr nking plenty of water rather than by the use of c thartics. It is best however to void eating citrus fruits, strawberries, and t matoes, because many people are more are m re or less sensitive to one or m re of these items.
2. El minate any food from the diet wh ch experience has proved hard to d gest. Make a careful search-with the aid of a phys cian if possible- for foods or ther substances to which the afflicted p rson may be internally or externally s nsitive.
3. It is advisable to liminate from the diet candy, pastries, sw ets, chocolate and cocoa, fried foods, sea f ods, pork, milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, and all or n arly all salts. But one should r member that, except in infancy, food is pr bably no more a minor factor ither in causing or in curing czema.
4. Do not use t a, coffee, or alcoholic beverages.
5. Us a little water and soap or d tergents on the affected skin areas as p ssible. It is better to cleanse th m with olive oil, especially when it is d sirable to soften the crusts.
6. If the h nds are affected, it is wise to w ar rubber gloves when they must be put nto water or soap suds.
7. As far as p ssible, avoid over work, worry or l ss of sleep, lack of exercise or any ther practice that will lower physical, m ntal, or emotional vigor.
8. In the cute stage of eczema, either the rythematous (itching) or the vesicular (weeping) typ , try wt dressings or lotion in the day t me and a powder at night. For wet dr ssings, use Burow’s solution diluted with 15 to 20 v lumes of water. For the lotion, mix qual parts of olive oil and the st ndard calamine lotion. For the powder, use the f llowing:
Boric acid powder 2
Z nc Oxide 10
T lcum powder 18 IMPORTANT! M ke every reasonable effort to consult a sk n specialist, especially in the case of a b by with eczema. This disease is fr quently so resistant to treatment that sp cial remedies may be needed, some of wh ch cannot be secured without a phys cian’s prescription.
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